References Austin MA. Triacylglycerol
and coronary heart disease. Proc Nutr Soc 1997; 56:667-670.
Avogaro P, Rubba P, Mancini M. Smoking and
cardiovascular events: biological links. Cardiovasc Risk Factors
1993; 3:373-378.
Bellamy MF, McDowell IFW. Putative mechanisms
for vascular damage by homocysteine. J Inherit Metab Dis
1997; 20:307-315.
Canner PL, Berge KG, Wenger NK et al.
Fifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: long-term
benefit with niacin. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8:1245-1255.
Carlson LA, Rosenhamer G. Reduction of mortality
in the Stockholm Ischaemic Heart Disease Secondary Prevention Study
by combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acid. Acta
Med Scand 1988; 223:405-418.
Davies MJ. Stability and instability: two
faces of coronary atherosclerosis. The Paul Dudley White lecture 1995.
Circulation 1996; 94:2013-2020.
de Divitiis M, Rubba P. Cholesterol-lowering
and vascular reactivity in relation to coronary heart disease. Nutr
Metab Cardiovasc Dis 1999; 9:133-142.
de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL et al.
Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and rate of cardiovascular
complications after myocardial infarction: final report of the Lyon
Diet Heart Study. Circulation 1999; 99:779-785.
Deckelbaum RJ. Structure and composition
of human plasma lipoproteins. In: Atherosclerosis: Biology and
Clinical Science. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1987;251-255.
Diaz MN, Frei B, Vita JA et al. Antioxidants
and atherosclerotic heart disease. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:408-416.
Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S et al. Primary
prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women
with average cholesterol levels. Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. JAMA
1998; 279:1615-1622.
Fuster V, Fayad ZA, Badimon JJ. Acute coronary
syndromes: biology. Lancet 1999; 353(Suppl II):5-9.
Fuster V, Ross R, Topol EJ. Atherosclerosis
and Coronary Artery Disease. Volume One. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins; 1996.
Gaziano JM, Hennekens CH, O'Donnell CJ et
al. Fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and risk
of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1997; 96:2520-2525.
Glagov S, Weisenberg E, Zarins CK
et al. Compensatory enlargement of human atherosclerotic coronary
arteries. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1371-1375.
Iannuzzi A, Wilcosky T, Mercuri M et al.
Ultrasonographic correlates of carotid atherosclerosis in transient
ischemic attacks and stroke. Stroke 1995; 26:614-619.
Johannesson M, Jonsson B, Kjekshus J et
al. Cost effectiveness of simvastatin treatment to lower cholesterol
levels in patients with coronary heart disease. Scandinavian Simvastatin
Survival Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:332-336.
Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC, Morange PE. Hypofibrinolysis
and increased PAI-1 are linked to atherothrombosis via insulin resistance
and obesity. Ann Med 2000; 32(Suppl 1):78-84.
Kannel WB. Blood pressure as a cardiovascular
risk factor: prevention and treatment. JAMA 1996; 275:1571-1576.
Mackness MI, Mackness B, Durrington PN et
al. Paraoxonase and coronary heart disease. Curr Opin
Lipidol 1998; 9:319-324.
Mancini M, Cortese C, Pauciullo P et al.
[Hyperlipidemias: Clinical, Physiology and Therapy.] Rome: Il
Pensiero Scientifico Editore; 1991.
Mercuri M, Bond G, Sirtori CR et al.
Pravastatin reduces carotid intima-media thickness progression in
an asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic Mediterranean population: the Carotid
Atherosclerosis Italian Ultrasound Study. Am J Med 1996;
101:627-634.
O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA et al.
Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial
infarction and stroke in older adults. N Engl J Med 1999;
340:14-22.
Oliver MF, Heady JA, Morris JN
et al. A co-operative trial in the primary prevention of ischaemic
heart disease using clofibrate. Br Heart J 1978; 40:1069-1118.
Oliver MF, Heady JA, Morris JN et al.
WHO cooperative trial on primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease
with clofibrate to lower serum cholesterol; final mortality follow-up.
Report of the Committee of Principal Investigators. Lancet 1984;
2:600-604.
Oschry Y, Olivecrona T, Deckelbaum RJ et al.
Is hypertriglyceridemic very low density lipoprotein a precursor
of normal low density lipoprotein? J Lipid Res 1985; 26:158-167.
Pedersen TR, Wilhelmsen L, Faergeman O et
al. Follow-up study of patients randomized in the Scandinavian
Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) of cholesterol lowering. Am J
Cardiol 2000; 86:257-262.
Pickin DM, McCabe CJ, Ramsay LE et al.
Cost effectiveness of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) treatment
related to the risk of coronary heart disease and cost of drug treatment.
Heart 1999; 82:325-332.
Reddy KS, Yusuf S. Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular
disease in developing countries. Circulation 1998; 97:596-601.
Robinson K, Arheart K, Refsum H et al.
Low circulating folate and vitamin B6 concentrations. Risk factors
for stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary artery diseases.
Circulation 1998; 97:437-443.
Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease.
N Engl J Med 1999; 340:115-126.
Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA et al. The
effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction
in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1996;
335:1001-1009.
Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study
Group. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients
with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study
(4S). Lancet 1994; 344:1383-1389.
Shepherd J. Economics of lipid lowering
in primary prevention: lessons from the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention
Study. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87(Suppl):19B-22B.
Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I et al.
Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with
hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1301-1307.
Stary HC. Natural history and histological
classification of atherosclerotic lesions. An update. Arterioscler
Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:1177-1178.
Stein O, Stein Y. Atheroprotective mechanisms
of HDL. Atherosclerosis 1999; 144:285-301.
Strong JP, Malcom GT, Oalmann MC. Environmental
and genetic risk factors in early human atherogenesis: lessons from
the PDAY study. Pathol Int 1995; 45:403-408.
Szucs TD. Pharmaco-economic aspects of lipid-lowering
therapy: is it worth the price? Eur Heart J 1998; 19(Suppl
M):M22-M28.
The Coronary Drug Project Research Group. Clofibrate
and niacin in coronary heart disease. JAMA 1975; 231:360-381.
The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary
Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart
diseases. JAMA 1984; 251:351-364.
The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary
Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence
of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA 1984;
251:365-374.
The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin
in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular
events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease
and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med
1998; 339:1349-1357.
Tribble DL. Antioxidant consumption and risk
of coronary heart disease: emphasis on vitamin C, vitamin E and beta-carotene.
A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association.
Circulation 1999; 99:591-595.
Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Mähönen
M et al. Contribution of trends in survival and coronary-event
rates to changes in coronary heart disease mortality: 10-year results
from 37 WHO MONICA project populations. Lancet 1999; 353:1547-1557.
Tyroler HA. Coronary heart disease epidemiology
in the 21st century. Epidemiol Rev 2000; 22:7-13.
Virmani R, Kolodgie FD, Burke AP et al.
Lessons from sudden coronary death. A comprehensive morphological
classification scheme for atherosclerotic lesions. Arterioscler
Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:1262-1275.
Winniford MD. Smoking and cardiovascular
function. J Hypertens 1990; 9(Suppl 5):S17-S23.
Wood D, de Backer G, Faergeman O et al.
Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Recommendations
of the Second Joint Task Force of European and other societies on coronary
prevention. Eur Heart J 1998; 19:1434-1503.
|